Steel frame tunnel is a type of tunnel that uses steel as the main load-bearing structure. It is widely used in underground engineering, subway construction, urban transportation tunnels, water conservancy engineering, and national defense engineering.
1、 Definition
Steel frame tunnel refers to a tunnel in tunnel engineering that uses steel as a supporting structure to form a tunnel cavity. Steel frames usually include arched steel frames, side wall steel frames, and roof steel frames.
2、 Type
Steel frame tunnels can be classified into the following types based on their structural form and purpose:
1. Single layer steel frame tunnel: Only using a single layer steel frame structure, suitable for short tunnels or tunnels with good geological conditions.
2. Double layered steel frame tunnel: Adding a layer of steel frame on top of the single-layer steel frame to improve the stability and safety of the tunnel.
3. Steel concrete composite tunnel: The combination of steel frame and concrete structure not only utilizes the strength and stiffness of steel, but also maximizes the durability of concrete.
3、 Advantages
1. Fast construction speed: Steel frame tunnel components can be prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site, greatly shortening the construction period.
2. Strong adaptability: Steel has good plasticity and can adapt to complex geological conditions and construction environments.
3. High bearing capacity: Steel frame structures have high bearing capacity and stiffness, which can withstand significant geological pressure.
4. Safety and reliability: Steel frame tunnels can improve their safety by adding support layers and implementing reinforcement measures.
5. Easy to maintain: The steel frame structure is easy to inspect and maintain, which helps to promptly identify and address potential issues.
4、 Design points
1. Structural design: Design a reasonable steel frame structure based on the tunnel's usage requirements, geological conditions, and environmental factors.
2. Anti corrosion treatment: Due to the susceptibility of steel to corrosion, effective anti-corrosion measures such as painting, galvanizing, etc. need to be taken.
3. Lighting and ventilation design: Ensure sufficient lighting and good ventilation conditions inside the tunnel.
4. Safety facilities: equipped with necessary escape routes, safety signs, and emergency rescue facilities.
5、 Application
Steel frame tunnels are widely used in the following fields:
Subway tunnel: The main structural form in urban subway systems.
Traffic tunnel: an underground passage under highways and urban roads.
Water tunnel: a water conveyance tunnel for water conservancy projects such as reservoirs and hydropower stations.
Industrial tunnel: an underground transportation tunnel within a factory or industrial area.
Steel frame tunnels, as an important underground engineering structure, play a crucial role in modern tunnel construction due to their rapid construction, high strength, and good adaptability. With the continuous advancement of technology, the design and construction techniques of steel frame tunnels are also constantly optimized to meet the growing demands of urban construction and infrastructure.
